Designing with Light: The Art, Science, and Practice of Architectural Lighting Design

Jason Livingston is Principal at Studio T+L, a leading lighting design firm based in New York City. He is Co-Chair of the Illuminating Engineering Society (IES) Color Committee, Adjunct Faculty at the New York School of Interior Design, Assistant Professor at Parsons School of Design at The New School Open Campus, and Visiting Associate Professor at the Pratt Institute. His areas of expertise include interior lighting design, theatrical lighting design, color, and lighting education.

Preface to the Second Edition xiii Preface to the First Edition xv Acknowledgments xvii About the Author xix Chapter 1: The Lighting Design Profession 1 The Lighting Designer's Scope of Practice 2 Professional Lighting Design Credentials 5 Digital Resources 7 References 7 Chapter 2: The Design Process and Lighting Design 9 What Is Lighting Design? 9 Phases of the Architectural Design Process 10 Beginning the Lighting Design 14 A Lighting Design Process 15 Digital Resources 17 References 17 Chapter 3: Designing with Light 19 Thinking About Light 19 Thinking About Luminaires 24 Thinking About Lighting Architecture 27 Thinking About Variety and Contrast 29 Thinking About Everything - Layers of Light 30 Communicating Design Ideas 31 Approaches to the Lighting Design Process 36 Additional Considerations 50 Digital Resources 50 References 51 Chapter 4: What Is Light? 53 Light Is Illumination 53 Light Is Rays of Vision 54 Light Is a Material 54 Light Is Rays 55 Light Is Colored Rays 55 Light Is Waves 56 Light Is Particles 56 Light Is Waves, Again 57 Light Is Waves and Particles, aka Quanta 59 Light Is Art 60 Light Is a Tool 61 Digital Resources 62 References 62 Chapter 5: How We See 63 From Light Source to Vision 63 The Eye 64 How We See Color 68 Visual Performance 71 Digital Resources 74 References 74 Chapter 6: Light and Perception 77 Perception 77 Impressions 78 Lighting, Architecture, and Impressions 79 Light and Behavior 86 Digital Resources 86 References 87 Chapter 7: Distribution of Light 89 Interaction of Light and Materials 89 Types of Distribution 96 Other Distribution Issues 98 Digital Resources 101 References 102 Chapter 8: Light Sources and Lamps 103 Light Sources 103 Lamp Shapes 115 Lamp Sizes 118 Lamp Bases 120 Beam Angle and Field Angle 122 Describing a Lamp 124 Selecting a Light Source 126 Lamp Information for Consumers 127 Digital Resources 128 References and Suggested Readings 128 Chapter 9: The Science of Color in Light 131 Why Understand the Science of Color? 131 The Special Nature of Vision 131 Colorimetry 132 Standard Observers 132 Chromaticity Diagrams 135 Colors of White Light 139 How Do We Define White Light? 144 Chromaticity Differences 146 Color Rendering 149 Light Source Color Characteristics 163 Other Issues in Color 164 Chromatic Light 169 Additive and Subtractive Color Mixing 171 Digital Resources 174 References and Suggested Readings 174 Chapter 10: Designing with Color in Light 177 Selecting Color Temperature 177 Tunable Lighting 180 Using TM- 30 188 Using Colored Light 193 Color and Meaning 196 Color and Environment 197 Sources of Colored Light 204 Digital Resources 207 References 208 Chapter 11: Lighting Fixtures or Luminaires 209 Luminaire Components 210 Common Luminaire Types 213 Mounting Conditions 223 Outdoor Luminaires 224 Luminaire Consideration Summary 226 Reading Manufacturer's Literature 226 Modifying Luminaires 230 Custom Luminaires 230 Luminaire Sales and Information 230 Digital Resources 235 References 236 Chapter 12: Lighting Techniques and Details 237 Wall Washing 237 Wall Grazing 240 Accent Lighting 241 Cove Lighting 242 Scallops 243 Luminous Ceilings 245 Under- Shelf Lighting 246 Digital Resources 248 References 249 Chapter 13: Daylighting 251 The Benefits of Daylighting 251 Planning for Daylighting 252 Code Requirements 253 Solar Angles 253 Building Orientation 254 Glazing 255 Designing Dayli