Introduction to Built Asset Management

Anthony Higham is a Senior Lecturer at the University of Salford, where he has delivered a range of quantity surveying modules. A Chartered Building Engineer and Chartered Construction Manager, Anthony was heavily involved in the financial and project management of major planned maintenance schemes for a range of corporate clients before moving into academia in 2006. Jason Challender is Director of Estates and Facilities at the University of Salford, UK, a member of its Senior Leadership Team, and responsible for overseeing a large department of approximately 350 estates and construction related staff. He is a Fellow and Board Director of the Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors. Greg Watts is a Chartered Quantity Surveyor and Director of the Quantity Surveying Programme at the University of Salford. Before becoming a lecturer, Greg worked in the construction industry up to the level of Senior Quantity Surveyor, for various companies, on a range of multi-million pound projects.

List of Figures ix List of Tables xi Foreword xiii Acknowledgement xv 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Introduction to the Book 1 1.2 The Main Areas and Themes Covered in the Book 1 1.3 Research Sources 7 2 Surveying Existing Buildings 9 2.1 Introduction 9 2.2 A Background to Conducting Building Surveys 10 2.3 The Process of Undertaking Building Survey 11 2.4 Challenges and Obstacles When Undertaking Building Surveys 17 2.5 The Importance of Building Investigations 19 2.6 Managing the Remedial Work Process 21 2.7 Summary 23 3 Common Maintenance Issues and Managing Defects 25 3.1 Introduction 25 3.2 Exploring the Pathology of Building Maintenance Issues 26 3.3 Context to the Discussion on Building Defects 27 3.4 The Importance of Understanding the Nature and Effect of Agents That Can Lead to Building Defects 31 3.5 Dilemmas Associated with Repair or Renewal Decisions 33 3.6 Managing the Remedial Works Process to Address Maintenance Issues and Defects 35 3.7 Measures to Mitigate and Prevent Defects 37 3.8 Summary 39 Reference 41 4 Maintenance Management and Performance Measurement as Part of Private Financing Initiative (PFI) Schemes 43 4.1 Introduction 43 4.2 Definitions and Concepts of Facilities Management 44 4.3 Background to the Discussion on Performance Measurement (PM) of Facilities Management and Maintenance in the Healthcare Sector 45 4.4 The Advantages and Disadvantages of PFI Ventures in a Facilities Management Context 53 4.5 Quality Improvements in Maintenance Management Brought about through Performance Measurement 53 4.6 Financial and Non-financial Measurements 55 4.7 Performance Management 56 4.8 The Challenges for Performance Measurement 56 4.9 Payment Mechanisms as Part of PFI Contracts 59 4.10 Performance Monitoring Tools 60 4.11 The Importance of the Helpdesk for the Success of Maintenance and Facilities Management Services in PFI Initiatives 68 4.12 The Performance Monitoring Process 68 4.13 Key Issues Arising for Performance Management as Part of a Maintenance Management and FM Tool on PFI Schemes 72 4.14 Conclusions and Reflections 72 Acknowledgement 73 References 73 Further Reading 80 5 Procurement and Contracting for Maintenance and Refurbishment Works 87 5.1 Introduction 87 5.2 Rationale for Procurement of Maintenance Interventions 87 5.3 The Procurement Process 88 5.4 Project Initiation 90 5.5 Procurement Strategy 92 5.6 Client Brief 93 5.7 Procurement Route 94 5.7.1 Categorisation of Procurement Routes and Pricing Mechanisms 94 5.7.2 Pricing Mechanism 97 5.7.3 Procurement Routes 100 5.8 Contract Arrangements 109 5.8.1 The Joint Contracts Tribunal (JCT) Suite of Contracts 110 5.8.2 The New Engineering Contract (NEC) Suite of Contracts 111 5.8.3 The ACA PPC 2000 Form of Contract 115 5.9 Summary 120 References 120 6 Financial Management: Capital Costs 123 6.1 Introduction 123 6.2 Project Appraisal and Developing the Business Case 124 6.2.1 Optional Appraisal 126 6.3 Order of Cost Estimate 127 6.3.1 Developing the Order of Cost Estimate 127 6.3.2 Developing the Order of Cost Estimate Using the Functional Unit Method 129 6.3.3 Developing the Order of Cost Estimate Using the Floor Area Method 130 6.3.4 Developing the Order of Cost Estimate Using the Elemental Method 134 6.4 Cost Planning 137 6.4.1 Preparing the Cost Plan 140 6.4.2 Formal Cost Plan 1 147 6.4.3 Formal Cost Plan 2 155 6.4.4 Formal Cost Plan 3 157 6.5 Summary 158 References 159 7 Financial Management: Life Cycle Costing 161 7.1 Introduction 161 7.2 Forecasting Financial Impacts of Building Maintenance 162 7.3 Defining Life Cycle Costing 165 7.4 Challenges Associated with Life Cycle Prediction 167 7.4.1 Benefits of LCC 170 7.5 Under